Long Answer-Class-10-Civics- Chapter 5 outcomes of democracy

Long Answer-Class-10-Civics- Chapter 5 outcomes of democracy

Q1 “An ideal government would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make fighting corruption and black money a top priority.” Justify the statement by .highlighting the values attached to it.

Ans : The three ideal values of a government are legitimacy, responsiveness and accountability. An ideal government would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make fighting corruption and black money a top priority. This can be justified as follows:

a. Legitimacy: A government elected by the people is expected to work for their welfare. Corruption and black money are sources of social evils like poverty, inflation and poor political ethics.

b. Responsiveness: A government is run by the representatives who have the mandates of the people of their constituencies, Such evil practices will demotivate the people to re-elect their representatives,

c. Accountability: A government is accountable for the management of the polity and its resources. Corruption and black money hinder the optimum allocation of resources.

Q2. “Democracy has failed to reduce economic inequality and poverty.” Do you agree? Give arguments in support of your answer.

Ans :In actual life, democracies do not appear to be reducing inequalities.

a. The poor constitute a large proportion of our voters and no party likes to lose their votes, yet democratically elected governments have not addressed the question of poverty as one would have expected them to.

b. The people in several poor countries are now dependent on the rich countries even for food supplies.

Argument in support: a. It enhances the dignity of the individuals.

It improves the quality of decision-making.

It provides a method to resolve conflicts.

Q3. 45. How is democracy accountable and responsible to the needs and expectations of the citizens? Analyse.

Ans : Democracy is accountable and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens because:

a. In a democracy, people have the right to choose their representatives and the people will have control over them.

b. Citizens have the right to participate in decision making that affects them all. This ensures that the working of the government is transparent.

c.  Everybody expects the government to be attentive to the needs and expectations of the people.

d. It is expected that the democratic government develops mechanisms for citizens to hold the government accountable.

e. The opposition parties can also question and criticize the government policies. They keep a check on the ruling party and make sure that it does not misuse the power.

Q4. “Some people think that democracy produces a less effective government.” Analyse the statement.

Ans : It is true that some people think that democracy produces a less effective government because:

a. Non-democratic rulers do not have to bother about deliberation in assemblies or worry about majorities and public opinion.

b. They can be very quick and efficient in decision making and implementation. c. But democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. So, some delay is bound to take place.

d. Most democracies fall short of elections that provide a fair chance to everyone.

e. Democratic governments do not have a very good record when it comes to sharing information with citizens.

f. Democracies often frustrate the needs of the people and often ignore the demands of a majority of its population.

Q5. “Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives.” Justify the statement.

 Ans : Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives:

a. Democracy promotes equality among citizens.

b. It enhances the dignity of the individual.

c. It also improves the quality of decision making.

 d. It provides a method to resolve conflicts.

e. It gives room to correct mistakes.

f. Democratic government is a legitimate government.

g. Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored.

Q6. Explain with examples, how the dignity and freedom of citizens are best guaranteed in a democracy.

Ans :a. Democracies throughout the world have recognized the fact that people should be treated with due respect. The passion for respect and freedom is the basis of democracy.

b. Democracies recognize all individuals as equal. This equality is a big thing for the societies which have been built for long on the basis of subordination and domination.

c. Most societies across the world are male- dominated but democracies have created sensitivity that equal treatment of women are necessary ingredients of a democratic society.

d. Caste-based inequalities and atrocities are also not acceptable to democracies. All these combined together enhance the dignity and freedom of the individual.