Short Answer -Class-10-Civics- Chapter 4 political parties

Short Answer -Class-10-Civics- Chapter 4 political parties

Q1. What is a political party ? State any two points of the ideology of Bharatiya Janta Party?

Ans :A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good. Ideology of BJP:

a. Wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India.

b. A uniform civil code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion.

c. Cultural nationalism.

Q2. What is meant by regional political party? State the conditions required to be recognized as a ‘regional political party’.

 Ans : A regional party is a party that is present in only some states. Conditions required for a party to be recognized as a regional political party are:

a. A party that secures at least six percent of the total votes in an election to the Legislative Assembly of a state.

b. Wins at least two seats in the Legislative Assembly.

Q3. “Nearly every one of the state parties wants to get an opportunity to be a part of one or the other national level coalition.” Support the statement with arguments.

 Ans :State parties seeking national level coalition: Before general election of 2014, in three general elections no one national party was able to secure on its own a majority in Lok Sabha.

With the result, the national parties were compelled to form alliances with state or regional parties. Since 1996, nearly every one of the state parties has got an opportunity to be a part of one or the other national level coalition government. This has contributed to the strengthening of federalism and democracy.

Q4. Which three challenges do you feel are being faced by political parties in India ? Give your Opinion.

Ans :The three challenges faced by political parties in India are:

a. Lack of internal democracy.

b. Challenge of dynastic succession.

c. Growing role of money and muscle power.

d. Often parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters.

Q5. Describe any three main features of Two-Party system.

Main features of two-party system:

a. Power usually changes between two parties, several other parties may exist.

b. In such system, people get clear choice,

c. The party that wins majority forms the government and the other sits in opposition.

d. Strong opposition is good for democracy.

e. Prompt decisions are taken and implemented.

f. More development and less corruption.

Q6. What is a multi-party system? Why has India adopted a multi-party system? Explain.

Ans : Multi-party system: If several parties compete for power and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it a multiparty system. India adopted a Multi-party system because:

a. There is social and geographical diversity in India.

b. India is such a large country which is not easily absorbed by two or three parties.

c. The system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation.

Q7. “Serious efforts were made by the legal organizations to reform political parties in India.” Support the statement.

Ans : Efforts made by the legal organizations to reform political parties in India:

a. To check defection, the Constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA’s and MPs from changing parties.

 b. The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminal, by making it mandatory to produce an affidavit giving details of property and criminal cases pending.

c. The Election Commission passed an order making it necessary for political parties to hold their organizational election and file their income tax returns.

Q8. State the conditions as laid down by the Election Commission to recognize a ‘state party1 and ‘national party’.

Ans : The difference between a state and a national party can be identified as follows:

a. In a state party, the party members aim to highlight the regional interests. On the other hand, a national party gives due importance to national interests.

b. A state party can contest in elections only in a particular state, whereas a national party can contest in elections all across the country.

c. Example: BJP and Congress are national parties, whereas Akali Dal and Trinamool Congress are state level parties.

Q9. What is meant by ‘defection’ in democracy? Explain.

Ans :a. Detection in politics means moving of a person from one party to another party for some personal benefit. It means changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected to a different part

b. It happens when a legislature, after having been elected from a particular party leaves it and joins in other party.

c. The Constitution was amended to prevent elected MLA’s and MP’s from changing parties. Now the law says that if any MLA and MP changes parties, he or she will lose seat in the legislature.

d. The new law has brought defection down and has made dissent even more difficult.

Q10. Name the national political party which espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities. Mention any four features of that party.

Ans :The national political party which espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities is the INC.

Four features of this party are listed below:

a. Founded in 1885.

b. Dominated Indian politics, both at the national and state levels, for several decades after India’s independence.

c. Ruling party at the centre till 1977 and then from 1980 to 1989. After 1989, its support declined.

d. A centrist party (neither rightist nor leftist) in its ideological orientation