Long Answer -Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 2 : sectors of the Indian Economy

Long Answer  -Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 2 : sectors of the Indian Economy

Q1. Why does disguised employment not help in the productivity of the country? Explain with the help of an example.

Ans : In the disguised unemployment, extra people are working on the fields. They are not required for work. All seems working. No one sits idle. They share the labour effort. They work less than their potential.

There is hidden unemployment. Underemployment is not just a feature of the primary sector. It can also be seen in the service sector such as people doing odd jobs like painters, plumbers etc.

The extra people working in these sectors does not help in increasing the production. Their presence or absence will not affect the total production.

For example: if a piece of land require only 8 people for completing the production but 10 people are engaged. The two people working are extra as they do not have any job opportunities outside. The land has a limit to produce.

Engaging more people will not help in increasing the production from the land.

Q2. Explain the objectives of implementing the NREGA 2005.

Ans : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act:

a. This Act was passed in the year 2005.

b. According to this Act, 100 days of guaranteed employment is provided to all those who are able to work and are in need of work in the rural areas.

c. Unemployment allowance is provided to the workers if the government is riot able to provide them work within 15 days.

d. This Act helps in providing income and livelihood to the people in the rural areas.

Q3. What is unorganised sector? Describe the working procedure of this sector.

Ans :  Unorganised sector are the small and scattered units. These units are not registered with the government. The working procedure of this sector are:

a. They do not follow the rules and regulations followed by the government.

b. There are no formal processes and procedures in this sector. Therefore, it is called Unorganised.

c. There is no security of employment.

d. There is no fixed working hours and workers are not paid for overtime.

e. There are no benefits like paid holidays, medical facilities, safe working environment, provident fund etc.

Q4. Give five reasons for the rising importance of the tertiary sector in production.

Ans : Five reasons for the rising importance of the tertiary sector in production are:

 a. Rise in the basic services provided by the government.

b. The development in the primary and secondary sectors has led to the development of the tertiary sector.

c. Due to the rise in income people have started spending on the various kinds of services.

d. Due to the development of new kinds of services like IT sector services.

e. Due to the introduction of the new economic policy liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation, the trade expanded all over the world and the role of service sector became significant.

Q5. Describe the provisions of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005.

Ans : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act:

a. This act was passed in the year 2005.

b. According to this Act, 100 days of guaranteed employment is provided to all those who are able to work and are in need of work in the rural areas.

c. Unemployment allowance is provided to the workers if the government is not able to provide them work within 15 days.

 d. This act helps in providing income and livelihood to the people in the rural areas.

Q6. In what ways can employment be increased in urban areas ?

Ans : Job opportunities can be increased in the urban areas through the following ways:

a. Government should invest in transportation and storage.

b. Government should provide loan to the people for starting their own business at reasonable rate of interest.

c. Opportunities for new industries should be identified, located and promoted in the small towns.

d. Opening of the services like the cold storages.

e. Jobs can be created in the field of education, health and tourism sector.

f. Jobs can be created by launching the various government schemes.