Short Answer – Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 1 : Development

Short answer – Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 1 : Development

Q1.“People have conflicting development goals”. Support  the statement with examples.

Ans : Sometimes the developmental goals of people may be conflicting in nature and prove destructive for others.

For example –

a. Construction of dam could be a development goal for the industrialist but it is a conflicting goal as it would affect the lives of the people living in that area as the local people may get displaced and their livelihood may get disrupted.

b. If there is slum near the high rise buildings then the people of that high rise building will have the developmental goal to remove the slum from that locality which will be a conflicting goal as it would displace the slum people.

Q2. Differentiate between the Human Development Report and the World Development Report.

Ans : The Human Development Report and the World Development Report can be differentiated on the following grounds:

a. Human Development Report is published by the UNDP whereas the World Development Report is published by the World Bank.

b. Human Development Report is published on the basis of PCI, health status and educational levels whereas the World Development Report classify the countries on the basis of just PCI.

c. Human Development Report gives the real picture of development as it uses both the material and non-material criteria whereas the World Bank just uses the material criteria for the classification.

Q3. Why does Kerala have a better Human Development Index ranking in comparison to Punjab? Explain with three reasons.

Ans : Kerala has a better Human Development Index ranking in comparison to Punjab. The three reasons are:

a. Kerala has better provisions of health facilities and therefore the IMR in Kerala is very low.

b. Kerala has better educational facilities. Therefore, literacy rate is high there and net attendance ratio is also high.

c. Kerala has better provisions of PDS.

Q4. Average income is important but it has limitations while using it. Explain.

 Ans : Income is also an important criterion for comparing the countries because it helps in fulfilling the greater demands of the people. Higher income countries are more developed than the lower income countries. But it has limitation too.

a. Average income hides the disparity.

b. Average income does not tell us the distribution of income among the people.

c. It is just a material criteria for the comparison.

Q5. What is Human Development Report? Which organisation measures HDR? Explain three major indicators of a country.

Ans : Human Development Report is about the level of development of different countries of the world.

UNDP is the organisation which makes Human Development Report.

The three major indicators used by the HDR are: PCI, health status and educational levels.

Q6. Compare India and Sri Lanka on the basis of any three indicators of Human Development Index for 2004.

Ans :The following is the comparison between India and Sri Lanka on the basis of PCI, life expectancy and literacy rate used for the Human Development Index in the year 2004:

a. In terms of PCI, India has US $ 3139 whereas Sri Lanka has US $ 4390

b. In terms of life expectancy, India has 64 whereas Sri Lanka has 74.

c. In terms of literacy rate, India has 61% whereas Sri Lanka has 91%.

So it can be concluded that in all the parameters of development Sri Lanka is far ahead than India.

Q7.  What is Human Development Index? Which organisation measures the HDI? Explain the three major indicators of the HDI.

 Ans : Human Development Index is about the level of development of different countries of the world which gives the ranking to different countries of the world. UNDP is the organisation which measures Human Development Index. The three major indicators used by the HDI are: PCI, health status and educational levels.

Q8.. What is sustainable development? Suggest any two ways in which resources can be used judiciously.

Ans : Development at present without harming the environment and also keeping for the is termed as sustainable The two ways in which resources can be used judiciously are:

 a. Switching off the lights and fans when not in use.

b. Turn off the engine at the red light.