Short Answer -Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 2 : sectors of the Indian Economy

Short Answer  -Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 2 : sectors of the Indian Economy

Q1. Explain with suitable examples which part of the service sector is not growing in importance.

Ans : The service conditions of the organised and the unorganised sector are:

 a. Service conditions of Organised sector:

1. These are the big units.

2. These units are registered with the government.

3. There are some formal processes and procedures in this sector. Therefore, it is called organised.

4. There is security of employment.

b. Service conditions of unorganised sector:

1. These are the small and scattered units,

2. These units are not registered with the government.

3. There are no formal processes and procedures in this sector. Therefore, it is called Unorganised.

4. There is no security of employment.

Q2. Explain the meaning of disguised employment with the help of an example.

Ans : Primary sector is the largest employer sector in India. This sector produce only a quarter of the national GDP because there is a problem of disguised unemployment in this sector.

Though almost 60% people of India are engaged in this sector but all are not required there. Many of them are extra people. They are forced to be in this sector as there is less job opportunities in the other sectors.

Q3. How does service sector help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors? Explain with examples.

Ans : Tertiary sector does not produce any good but it helps in the production of goods in the primary and the secondary sectors.

For example:

a. In the primary sector we need the service of transportation, cold storage, banking etc., which comes under the service sector.

b. In the secondary sector, we need the help of transportation for bringing the raw materials and taking the final products to the market. Banking, trade, technology etc., are the other requirements.

Q4. With the example of sugarcane, explain the interdependence of all the three sectors of the economy.

 Ans : All the three sectors primary, secondary and tertiary are highly interdependent.

They need the help of each other, without which none of the sectors would be able to complete its production or service. For example:

Cultivation of sugarcane comes under the primary sector. This cultivated sugarcane, is the raw material for sugar-making industries (comes pnder secondary sector].

Sugarcane is transported to the sugar mills with the help of vehicles which comes under the tertiary sector. Sugar made by sugar mills are further transported to various markets and sold by retailers and wholesalers using tertiary sector

 Q5. Explain the working condition of the workers in unorganised sector.

Ans : The working condition of the workers in unorganised sector:

a. They do not follow the rules and regulations followed by the government.

b. There are no formal processes and procedures in this sector. Therefore, it is called unorganised.

c. There is no security of employment.

d. There are no fixed working hours and workers are not paid for overtime.

e. There are no benefits like paid holidays, medical facilities, safe working environment, provident fund etc.

Q6. Explain disguised unemployment with two examples, one from urban areas and other from rural areas.

Ans :When more than the required people are working in a field, is called disguised unemployment. In several areas, all the members of a family work in the same agricultural land (which is small and does not require so much members].

 In urban areas, people like plumber, carpenter, painter are not able to find work on a daily basis and hence do the odd job.

Q7. “Consequences of the environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.” Explain.

Ans :  Yes, it is true to say that the consequences of the environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.

For example: If any country or state causes air pollution then it will affect not only to that state or country but to all throughout the world.

If there is water pollution caused by any state/ country then it will affect all states/ countries through which the river is flowing.

Q8. How did NREGA 2005 bring upliftment of the rural people? Explain.

Ans : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act:

a. This act was passed in the year 2005.

b. According to this Act, 100 days of guaranteed employment is provided to all those who are able to work and are in need of work in the rural areas.

c. Unemployment allowance is provided to the workers if the government is not able to provide them work within 15 days.

d. This Act helps in providing income and livelihood to the people in the rural areas.

Q9. Explain the interdependence of all three sectors giving examples from transportation system.

 Ans : Tertiary sector does not produce any good but it helps in the production of goods in the primary and the secondary sectors.

 For example:

 a. In the primary sector, we need the service of transportation for getting the supply of the agricultural inputs and also for selling the food grains in the market or supplying the agricultural raw materials to the agro- based industries.

b. In the secondary sector, we need the help of transportation for bringing the raw materials and taking the final products to the market.

c. Transportation is required in the service sector as well such as for providing medical facilities to the people and other services like fire services etc.

Q10. Why has the entire tertiary sector not grown in importance? Explain.

Ans : The service sector includes two different kinds of people. One who is highly educated, skilled and earning very high such as doctors, engineers, software professionals etc., and on the other hand those who are not educated and unskilled such as street vendors, repair persons etc.

Though the service sector has grown over the past few decades but not all of the service sector has grown equally.

The educated and highly skilled workers have grown very high whereas the uneducated and the unskilled are still struggling.