Long Answer -Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 1 : Development

Long answer – Class 10 – Social Science -Economics-Chapter 1 : Development

Q1. “Though the level of income is important, it is not an inadequate measure of development.” Justify the statement.

Ans : It is true to say that the level of income is also an important criterion for comparing the countries because it helps in fulfilling the greater demands of the people. Higher income countries are more developed than the lower income countries. a. But just the level of income is not a useful criterion. Along with it the other non¬material criteria should be used. b. UNDP’s criteria is the best criteria for comparing the countries with respect to the other criteria because the other criteria like total income and per capita income are the material criteria whereas the UNDP uses both the material and non-material criteria for the comparison. It gives the real picture of development of a country.

Q2. “What may be the development for one may be the destruction for the other.” Explain the statement with appropriate examples.

Ans : It is true to say that what may be the development for one may be the destruction for the other. Sometimes the developmental goals of people may be conflicting in nature and prove destructive for others.

For example,

 a. Construction of dam could be a development goal for the industrialist but it is a conflicting goal as it would affect the lives of the people living in that area as the local people may get displaced and their livelihood may get disrupted.

b. If there is slum near the high rise buildings then the people of that high rise building will have the developmental goal to remove the slum from that locality which will be a conflicting goal as it would displace the slum people.

Q3. What is the main criteria used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criteria, if any? In what respects  is the criteria used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank?

 Ans : The main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries is per capita income. Limitations of using average income for comparison:

a. Average income hides the disparity.

b. Average income does not tell us the distribution of income among the people.

c. It is just a material criteria for the comparison.

The criteria used by the UNDP for measuring development is different from the one used by the World Bank on the following basis:

a. World Bank uses PCI as a criteria for comparing the countries whereas UNDP uses PCI, health status and educational levels for the comparison.

 b. The criteria used by the World Bank is just a material criteria whereas the criteria used by the UNDP is both material and non-material criteria.

c.  The criteria used by the World Bank does not give us a real picture of development as it is given